Studi Algoritma AES dan SPECK: Enkripsi, Dekripsi, Efisiensi Penyimpanan, dan Uji NIST
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.56706/ik.v20i2.158Keywords:
AES-128, Kriptografi, Mode Counter (CTR), NIST SP 800-22, SPECK64/128Abstract
Penelitian ini membandingkan kinerja AES-128 berstruktur Substitution-Permutation Network (SPN) dan cipher ringan SPECK64/128 berstruktur Add-Rotate-Xor (ARX) yang diimplementasikan dalam bahasa C murni tanpa akselerasi perangkat keras pada mode Counter (CTR). Pengujian dilakukan pada lima ukuran data (500 KB hingga 10 MB) dengan sepuluh kali pengulangan untuk mengukur waktu eksekusi, throughput, dan ukuran berkas keluaran. AES-128 diukur pada implementasi naif dan implementasi teroptimasi berbasis xtime yang menghasilkan ciphertext yang identik. Keacakan ciphertext dievaluasi menggunakan NIST SP 800-22 Rev. 1a pada 20 berkas dari sepuluh kategori plaintext (55 baris × 1.000.000 bit, α = 0,01, 15 subtes). SPECK64/128 mencapai throughput enkripsi rata-rata 510,95 MB/s, sedangkan AES-128 teroptimasi 60,67 MB/s dan AES-128 naif 7,48 MB/s. Selisih 8,4 kali antara SPECK64/128 dan AES-128 teroptimasi mencerminkan perbedaan arsitektur, sedangkan selisih 8,1 kali antara kedua implementasi AES mencerminkan kualitas implementasi. Kedua algoritma tidak menyebabkan ekspansi ukuran berkas. Uji NIST mencatat 5 dan 4 baris gagal dari masing-masing 1.880 baris, tidak berbeda nyata dari nilai harapannya (P = 0,373 dan 0,616) maupun antar-algoritma (uji eksak Fisher, P = 1,000), sehingga seluruh berkas dan kategori subtes lulus; kelulusan ini merupakan syarat perlu, bukan syarat cukup, bagi keamanan.
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